A production inventory model with deteriorating items and shortages

A continuous production control inventory model for deteriorating items with shortages is developed. A number of structural properties of the inventory system are studied analytically. The formulae for the optimal average system cost, stock level, backlog level and production cycle time are derived when the deterioration rate is very small. Numerical examples are taken to illustrate the procedure of finding the optimal total inventory cost, stock level, backlog level and production cycle time. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to demonstrate the effects of changing parameter values on the optimal solution of the system

Factor analysis and initial validation of the Personal Values Inventory

The study of values is central to the understanding of both individuals and cultures. Theorists in a number of fields have emphasized the importance of people\u27s value priorities in understanding and predicting attitudinal and behavioral decisions. However, there is a lack of instruments specifically developed to measure core personal values. This study introduces the Personal Values Inventory (PVI). The PVI was designed to assess core personal values in adults in the area of moral conducts such as honesty, trust, commitment, discipline, forgiveness, sharing, and respecting. The sample for the investigation consisted of an archival sample of 860 respondents. A second independent sample with 221 respondents, was used for confirmatory factor analysis. Preliminary psychometric data based on 860 respondents show a meaningful factor structure. A 55 item purified version of the Personal Values Inventory was constructed based on results from exploratory factor analytic procedures. Exploratory factor analysis of the PVI revealed it has five subscales: Honesty and Responsibility, Trust and Fairness, Commitment and Discipline, and Sharing and Respecting. The total variance explained by the model was found to be 58% and accounted for reasonable amount of the proportion of the variance explained by the five factor model. An alpha coefficient for the purified scale was found to be 0.97. The factor structure displayed good internal consistency and construct validity. The confirmatory factor analysis from an independent sample adequately validated the factor structure found in sample 1. The comparison of descriptive statistics on the factor constructs showed no gender or age differences. Some of the educational categories were different for the ‘honesty and responsibility’ construct. The racial groups and salary levels were found to be significantly different on all value constructs except for ‘sharing and respecting others’. The years in the organization of a respondent had an effect on the constructs ‘commitment and discipline’ and ‘sharing and respecting others’. Value differences were also observed based on the level of the organization on all five value constructs

Inventory Model with Price Related Demand, Weibull Distributed Deterioration & Uncertainty

[[abstract]]This article deals with an inventory model for deteriorating items where the rate of deterioration follows the two parameters Weibull distribution. Demand rate depends on the price. The shortages are allowed and are fully backlogged. An uncertain cycle time is considered and described by a (symmetric) triangular fuzzy number. The model is developed analytically by maximizing the total profit. The optimum results are defuzzified by a signed distance method. The numerical examples are given to illustrate the developed model and all results are illustrated numerically and graphically

Fuzzy continuous review inventory model without backorder for deteriorating items

In this paper we have developed a fuzzy continuous review inventory model for deteriorating items. We discussed only the without shortage case. Demand rate is constant and the cycle time is uncertain and it is possible to describe it by triangular fuzzy number (symmetric). The results are illustrated with the help of numerical example. We have discussed the percent of increase if the uncertainties are accounted for in appropriate manner. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to demonstrate the effects of changing parameter values on the optimal solution of the system

A Deterministic Inventory Model of Deteriorating Items with Two Rates of Production and Shortages

[[abstract]]This paper presents a continuous production control inventory model of deteriorating items with shortages. It is assumed that the production rate is changed to another at a time when the inventory level reaches a prefixed level Q1 and continued until the inventory level reaches the level S(>Q1 ). The demand rate is assumed to be constant. The production is started again at a time when the shortage level reaches a prefixed quantity Q2. For this model the total cost per unit time as a function of Q1, Q2 and S is derived. The optimal decision rules for Q1, Q2 and S are computed. Results are illustrated by numerical example

Cytogenetic analysis of patients with primary amenorrhea in Eastern India

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age. Previous reports suggest that chromosomal abnormality is the second most common cause of amenorrhoea. Early referral for cytogenetic evaluation is recommended for the identification of underlying chromosomal aberrations in amenorrhoea patients. This was an observational study which was conducted in Vivekananda Institute of Medical sciences, Kolkata, during January 2013–December 2015. This study aims to estimate the frequency and types of chromosomal abnormalities in primary amenorrhoea (PA) patients in Eastern India and correlate their hormonal profile with chromosomal reports. Clinical features of 150 patients were recorded with clinical expertise. Peripheral venous blood was taken following informed consent, followed by karyotyping for chromosomal analysis. Results revealed 76.1% of PA with normal female karyotype (46, XX) and 23.9% with different abnormal karyotypes. Among the abnormal karyotype constituents, 50% numerical abnormalities, most frequent being Turner syndrome, pure (n = 12, 8%) and mosaic (n = 5, 3.3%). Three cases (2%) showed male (XY) karyotype. The other cases showed X structural abnormalities. This study emphasises the need for cytogenetic analysis as integral part of the diagnostic protocol in case of PA for precise identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for appropriate management and counselling of these patients

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